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Application of metal oxides-based nanofluids in PV/T systems: a review

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第3期   页码 397-428 doi: 10.1007/s11708-021-0758-8

摘要： Having the wide application of metal oxides in energy technologies, in recent years, many researchers tried to increase the performance of the PV/T system by using metal oxide-based nanofluids (NFs) as coolants or optical filters or both at the same time. This paper summarizes recent research activities on various metal oxides (Al2O3, TiO2, SiO2, Fe3O4, CuO, ZnO, MgO)-based NFs performance in the PV/T system regarding different significant parameters, e.g., thermal conductivity, volume fraction, mass flowrate, electrical, thermal and overall efficiency, etc. By conducting a comparative study among the metal oxide-based NFs, Al2O3/SiO2-water NFs are mostly used to achieve maximum performance. The Al2O3-water NF has a prominent heat transfer feature with a maximum electrical efficiency of 17%, and a maximum temperature reduction of PV module of up to 36.9°C can be achieved by using the Al2O3-water NF as a coolant. Additionally, studies suggest that the PV cell’s efficiency of up to 30% can be enhanced by using a solar tracking system. Besides, TiO2-water NFs have been proved to have the highest thermal efficiency of 86% in the PV/T system, but TiO2 nanoparticles could be hazardous for human health. As a spectral filter, SiO2-water NF at a size of 5 nm and a volume fraction of 2% seems to be very favorable for PV/T systems. Studies show that the combined use of NFs as coolants and spectral filters in the PV/T system could provide a higher overall efficiency at a cheaper rate. Finally, the opportunities and challenges of using NFs in PV/T systems are also discussed.

关键词： metal oxide     nanofluids (NFs)     nanoparticles (NPs)     optical filter     PV/T systems     solar energy    

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State-of-art review of the optimization methods to design the configuration of hybrid renewable energysystems (HRESs)

Maurizio FACCIO, Mauro GAMBERI, Marco BORTOLINI, Mojtaba NEDAEI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2018年 第12卷 第4期   页码 591-622 doi: 10.1007/s11708-018-0567-x

摘要： The current research aims to present an inclusive review of latest research works performed with the aim of improving the efficiency of the hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs) by employing diverse ranges of the optimization techniques, which aid the designers to achieve the minimum expected total cost, while satisfying the power demand and the reliability. For this purpose, a detailed analysis of the different classification drivers considering the design factors such as the optimization goals, utilized optimization methods, grid type as well as the investigated technology has been conducted. Initial results have indicated that of all optimization goals, load demand parameters including loss of power supply probability (LPSP) and loss of load probability (LLP), cost, sizing (configuration), energy production, and environmental emissions are the most frequent design variables which have been cited the most. Another result of this paper indicates that almost 70% of the research projects have been dedicated toward the optimization of the off-grid applications of the HRESs. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that, integration of the PV, wind and battery is the most frequent configuration. In the next stage of the paper, a review concerning the sizing methods has also been carried out to outline the most common techniques which are used to configure the components of the HRESs. In this regard, an analysis covering the optimized indicators such as the cost drivers, energy index parameters, load indicators, battery’s state of charge, PV generator area, design parameters such as the LPSP, and the wind power generation to load ratio, has also been performed.

关键词： hybrid renewable energy systems (HRESs)     design and optimization     environmental pollutions     PV array     wind turbines (WTs)     inverter     diesel generator (DG)    

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Distribution and temporal variability of the solar resource at a site in south-east Norway

Muyiwa S. ADARAMOLA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第4期   页码 375-381 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0426-6

摘要： Globally, solar energy is expected to play a significant role in the changing face of energy economies in the near future. However, the variability of this resource has been the main barrier for solar energy development in most locations around the world. This paper investigated the distribution and variability of solar radiation using the a 10-year (2006 to 2015) data collected at Sørås meteorological station located at latitude 59° 39′ N and longitude 10° 47′E, about 93.3 m above sea level (about 30 km from Oslo), in south-eastern part of Norway. It is found that on annual basis, the total number of days with a global solar radiation of less than 1 kWh/(m ·d) is 120 days while the total number of days with an expected global solar radiation greater than 3 kWh/(m ·d) is 156 days (42.74%) per year. The potential energy output from a horizontally placed solar collector in these 156 days is approximately 75% of the estimated annual energy output. In addition, it is found that the inter-annual coefficient of variation of the global solar radiation is 4.28%, while that of diffuse radiation is 4.96%.

关键词： coefficient of variation     global solar radiation     diffuse ratio     albedo     PV energy systems    

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Potential and economic viability of standalone hybrid systems for a rural community of Sokoto, North-west

O. D. OHIJEAGBON,Oluseyi. O AJAYI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 145-159 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0304-z

摘要： An assessment of the potential and economic viability of standalone hybrid systems for an off-grid rural community of Sokoto, North-west Nigeria was conducted. A specific electric load profile was developed to suite the community consisting 200 homes, a school and a community health center. The data obtained from the Nigeria Meteorological Department, Oshodi, Lagos (daily mean wind speeds, and daily global solar radiation for 24 years from 1987 to 2010) were used. An assessment of the design that will optimally meet the daily load demand with a loss of load probability (LOLP) of 0.01 was performed, considering 3 stand-alone applications of photovoltaic (PV), wind and diesel, and 3 hybrid designs of wind-PV, wind-diesel, and solar-diesel. The diesel standalone system (DSS) was taken as the basis of comparison as the experimental location has no connection to a distribution network. The HOMER® software optimizing tool was engaged following the feasibility analysis with the RETScreen software. The wind standalone system (WSS) was found to be the optimal means of producing renewable electricity in terms of life cycle cost as well as levelised cost of producing energy at $0.15/(kW·h). This is competitive with grid electricity, which is presently at a cost of approximately $0.09/(kW·h) and 410% better than the conventional DSS at a levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of $0.62/kWh. The WSS is proposed for communities around the study site.

关键词： photovoltaic (PV) power     wind power     solar-wind hybrid     cost per kilowatt-hour     clean energy    

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Emerging technologies to power next generation mobile electronic devices using solar energy

Dewei JIA , Yubo DUAN , Jing LIU ,

《能源前沿（英文）》 2009年 第3卷 第3期   页码 262-288 doi: 10.1007/s11708-009-0015-z

摘要： Mobile electronic devices such as MP3, mobile phones, and wearable or implanted medical devices have already or will soon become a necessity in peoples’ lives. However, the further development of these devices is restricted not only by the inconvenient charging process of the power module, but also by the soaring prices of fossil fuel and its downstream chain of electricity manipulation. In view of the huge amount of solar energy fueling the world biochemically and thermally, a carry-on electricity harvester embedded in portable devices is emerging as a most noteworthy research area and engineering practice for a cost efficient solution. Such a parasitic problem is intrinsic in the next generation portable devices. This paper is dedicated to presenting an overview of the photovoltaic strategy in the chain as a reference for researchers and practitioners committed to solving the problem.

关键词： photovoltaic conversion     energy harvesting     solar cell     maximum power point track algorithm     PV electricity storage     mobile/standalone PV application    

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A thermoelectric generator and water-cooling assisted high conversion efficiency polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic system

Zekun LIU, Shuang YUAN, Yi YUAN, Guojian LI, Qiang WANG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2021年 第15卷 第2期   页码 358-366 doi: 10.1007/s11708-020-0712-1

摘要： Solar energy has been increasing its share in the global energy structure. However, the thermal radiation brought by sunlight will attenuate the efficiency of solar cells. To reduce the temperature of the photovoltaic (PV) cell and improve the utilization efficiency of solar energy, a hybrid system composed of the PV cell, a thermoelectric generator (TEG), and a water-cooled plate (WCP) was manufactured. The WCP cannot only cool the PV cell, but also effectively generate additional electric energy with the TEG using the waste heat of the PV cell. The changes in the efficiency and power density of the hybrid system were obtained by real time monitoring. The thermal and electrical tests were performed at different irradiations and the same experiment temperature of 22°C. At a light intensity of 1000 W/m , the steady-state temperature of the PV cell decreases from 86.8°C to 54.1°C, and the overall efficiency increases from 15.6% to 21.1%. At a light intensity of 800 W/m , the steady-state temperature of the PV cell decreases from 70°C to 45.8°C, and the overall efficiency increases from 9.28% to 12.59%. At a light intensity of 400 W/m , the steady-state temperature of the PV cell decreases from 38.5°C to 31.5°C, and the overall efficiency is approximately 3.8%, basically remain unchanged.

关键词： photovoltaic (PV)     thermoelectric generator     conversion efficiency     hybrid energy systems     water-cooled plate (WCP)    

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A new method for estimating the longevity and degradation of photovoltaic systems considering weather

Amir AHADI,Hosein HAYATI,Joydeep MITRA,Reza ABBASI-ASL,Kehinde AWODELE

《能源前沿（英文）》 2016年 第10卷 第3期   页码 277-285 doi: 10.1007/s11708-016-0400-3

摘要： The power output of solar photovoltaic (PV) systems is affected by solar radiation and ambient temperature. The commonly used evaluation techniques usually overlook the four weather states which are clear, cloudy, foggy, and rainy. In this paper, an ovel analytical model of the four weather conditions based on the Markov chain is proposed. The Markov method is well suited to estimate the reliability and availability of systems based on a continuous stochastic process. The proposed method is generic enough to be applied to reliability evaluation of PV systems and even other applications. Further aspects investigated include the new degradation model for reliability predication of PV modules. The results indicate that the PV module degradation over years, failures, and solar radiation must be considered in choosing an efficient PV system with an optimal design to achieve the maximum benefit of the PV system. For each aspect, a method is proposed, and the complete focusing methodology is expounded and validated using simulated point targets. The results also demonstrate the feasibility and applicability of the proposed method for effective modeling of the chronological aspects and stochastic characteristics of solar cells as well as the optimal configuration and sizing of large PV plants in terms of cost and reliability.

关键词： photovoltaic (PV) systems     solar cell     Markov model     weather effects    

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Rapid transaction to load variations of active filter supplied by PV system

M. BENADJA,S. SAAD,A. BELHAMRA

《能源前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第3期   页码 335-344 doi: 10.1007/s11708-014-0325-7

摘要： This paper deals with the analysis and control of a photovoltaic (PV) system connected to the main supply through a Boost converter and shunt active filter supplied by a PV system providing continuous supply of nonlinear load in variation. A robust control of a PV system connected to the grid while feeding a variable nonlinear load is developed and highlighted. This development is based on the control of the Boost converter to extract the maximum power from the PV system using the Perturb and Observe (P and O) algorithm in the presence of temperature and illumination. The proposed modeling and control strategy provide power to the variable nonlinear load and facilitates the transfer of power from solar panel to the grid while improving the quality of energy (harmonic currents compensation, power factor compensation and dc bus voltage regulation). Validation of the developed model and control strategy is conducted using power system simulator Sim-Power System Blockset Matlab/Simulink. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the shunt active filter to load changes, the method of instantaneous power ( theory) is used to identify harmonic currents. The obtained results show an accurate extraction of harmonic currents and perfect compensation of both reactive power and harmonic currents with a lower THD and in accordance with the IEEE-519 standard.

关键词： solar panels     maximum power point tracking (MPPT)     DC/DC converter (Boost)     shunt active filter     instantaneous power control     power quality     harmonics     imbalances     reactive energy    

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Blockchain in energy systems: values, opportunities, and limitations

《能源前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第1期   页码 9-18 doi: 10.1007/s11708-022-0818-8

摘要： The structure of a power energy system is becoming more distributed than before. It becomes challenging to manage such a system in a centralized way, because a central authority may not exist or may not be trusted by all parties. Blockchain is a promising tool to address this challenge, by enabling trusted collaboration in the absence of a trusted central authority. Its use in the energy sector has been pioneered by several pilot projects. However, to date the energy sector has not seen large-scale deployment of blockchain, partly because the founders of those pilot projects, the public, and utilities have not reached consensus on the values and limitations of blockchain in energy. This perspective aims to bridge this gap. First, the philosophy and unique values of blockchain are discussed. Second, some promising blockchain-based applications in energy systems are presented. Third, some common misunderstandings of blockchain in energy are discussed. Last, some frequently-asked questions from utilities are discussed. Hopefully this perspective can help advance large-scale deployment of blockchain in energy systems.

关键词： blockchain     immutability     energy trading     energy management     data synchronization    

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Exploration and Practice in Systems Engineering Management of Large Coal-based Integrated Energy Projects

Wen Ling

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2015年 第2卷 第2期   页码 173-177 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2015029

摘要： With an analysis of current development of China’s coal industry, this paper, in the perspectives of concept innovation, technological innovation and management innovation, introduces the exploration and engineering practice by Shenhua Group in coordination with coal and the environment, co-development of coal and the associated resources as well as clean and efficient utilization of coal. Based on systems engineering of Shenhua’s coal-based integrated energy projects, the paper also presents practice and experience in technological and management innovation.

关键词： coal-based     integrated energy     systems engineering     exploration     practice    

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Multiscale process systems engineering—analysis and design of chemical and energy systems from molecular

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2022年 第16卷 第2期   页码 137-140 doi: 10.1007/s11705-021-2135-x

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Special issue: Transition management of energy systems towards carbon neutrality

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2022年 第9卷 第3期   页码 355-357 doi: 10.1007/s42524-022-0219-z

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Water---- and nutrient and energy---- systems in urbanizing watersheds

Rodrigo VILLARROEL WALKER, Michael Bruce BECK, Jim W. HALL

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第5期   页码 596-611 doi: 10.1007/s11783-012-0445-4

摘要： Driven by considerations of sustainability, it has become increasingly difficult over the past 15–20 years — at least intellectually — to separate out the water infrastructure and water metabolism of cities from their intimately inter-related nutrient and energy metabolisms. Much of the focus of this difficulty settles on the wastewater component of the city’s water infrastructure and its associated fluxes of nutrients (N, P, C, and so on). Indeed, notwithstanding the massive volumes of these materials flowing into and out of the city, the notion of an urban nutrient infrastructure is conspicuous by its absence. Likewise, we do not tend to discuss, or conduct research into, “soilshed” agencies, or soilshed management, or Integrated Nutrient Resources Management (as opposed to its most familiar companion, Integrated Water Resources Management, or IWRM). The paper summarizes some of the benefits (and challenges) deriving from adopting this broader, multi-sectoral “systems” perspective on addressing water-nutrient-energy systems in city-watershed settings. Such a perspective resonates with the growing interest in broader policy circles in what is called the “water-food-energy security nexus”. The benefits and challenges of our Multi-sectoral Systems Analysis (MSA) are illustrated through computational results from two primary case studies: Atlanta, Georgia, USA; and London, UK. Since our work is part of the International Network on Cities as Forces for Good in the Environment (CFG; see www.cfgnet.org), in which other case studies are currently being initiated — for example, on Kathmandu, Nepal — we close by reflecting upon these issues of water-nutrient-energy systems in three urban settings with quite different styles and speeds of development.

关键词： cities     climate change     energy sector     nutrient sector     systems analysis     resource recovery     water-food-energy security    

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Feedback linearization based control for weak grid connected PV system under normal and abnormal conditions

Rahul SHARMA,Sathans SUHAG

《能源前沿（英文）》 2020年 第14卷 第2期   页码 400-409 doi: 10.1007/s11708-017-0459-5

摘要： This paper proposes a control strategy for interface of distributed energy sources into the weak grid system with a focus on the energy and ancillary services. A novel controller has been designed and implemented to tackle the challenges of coupling terms in the LCL filter, the transient behavior under sudden changes, and the voltage support under fault condition using the feedback linearization technique. The controller proposed has been implemented on the PV system connected with the weak grid using the LCL filter and the performance of the controller has been verified using Matlab/Simulink through simulation under different conditions. The results of the controller proposed have been compared with the conventional PI dual loop controller. The simulation results obtained demonstrate the effectiveness and simplicity of the controller design strategy.

关键词： PV system     grid interface     feedback linearization     inverter     LCL filter    

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Dynamic characteristics and improved MPPT control of PV generator

Houda BRAHMI, Rachid DHIFAOUI

《能源前沿（英文）》 2013年 第7卷 第3期   页码 342-350 doi: 10.1007/s11708-013-0242-1

摘要： This paper presents a mathematical model of photovoltaic (PV) module and gives a strategy to calculate online the maximum power point (MPP). The variation of series and shunt resistor are taken into account in the model and are dynamically identified using the Newton-Raphson algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed model is verified by laboratory experiments obtained by implementing the model on the dSPACE DS1104 board.

关键词： modeling of photovoltaic (PV) generator     maximum power point tracking (MPPT)     estimation parameters     real time controller    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Application of metal oxides-based nanofluids in PV/T systems: a review

期刊论文

State-of-art review of the optimization methods to design the configuration of hybrid renewable energysystems (HRESs)

Maurizio FACCIO, Mauro GAMBERI, Marco BORTOLINI, Mojtaba NEDAEI

期刊论文

Distribution and temporal variability of the solar resource at a site in south-east Norway

Muyiwa S. ADARAMOLA

期刊论文

Potential and economic viability of standalone hybrid systems for a rural community of Sokoto, North-west

O. D. OHIJEAGBON,Oluseyi. O AJAYI

期刊论文

Emerging technologies to power next generation mobile electronic devices using solar energy

Dewei JIA , Yubo DUAN , Jing LIU ,

期刊论文

A thermoelectric generator and water-cooling assisted high conversion efficiency polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic system

Zekun LIU, Shuang YUAN, Yi YUAN, Guojian LI, Qiang WANG

期刊论文

A new method for estimating the longevity and degradation of photovoltaic systems considering weather

Amir AHADI,Hosein HAYATI,Joydeep MITRA,Reza ABBASI-ASL,Kehinde AWODELE

期刊论文

Rapid transaction to load variations of active filter supplied by PV system

M. BENADJA,S. SAAD,A. BELHAMRA

期刊论文

Blockchain in energy systems: values, opportunities, and limitations

期刊论文

Exploration and Practice in Systems Engineering Management of Large Coal-based Integrated Energy Projects

Wen Ling

期刊论文

Multiscale process systems engineering—analysis and design of chemical and energy systems from molecular

期刊论文

Special issue: Transition management of energy systems towards carbon neutrality

期刊论文

Water---- and nutrient and energy---- systems in urbanizing watersheds

Rodrigo VILLARROEL WALKER, Michael Bruce BECK, Jim W. HALL

期刊论文

Feedback linearization based control for weak grid connected PV system under normal and abnormal conditions

Rahul SHARMA,Sathans SUHAG

期刊论文

Dynamic characteristics and improved MPPT control of PV generator

Houda BRAHMI, Rachid DHIFAOUI

期刊论文